@article{3409da9e9d66481a9df08e3fd403885c,
title = "Reconstructing the early evolution of fungi using a six-gene phylogeny",
abstract = "The ancestors of fungi are believed to be simple aquatic forms with flagellated spores, similar to members of the extant phylum Chytridiomycota (chytrids). Current classifications assume that chytrids form an early-diverging clade within the kingdom Fungi and imply a single loss of the spore flagellum, leading to the diversification of terrestrial fungi. Here we develop phylogenetic hypotheses for Fungi using data from six gene regions and nearly 200 species. Our results indicate that there may have been at least four independent losses of the flagellum in the kingdom Fungi. These losses of swimming spores coincided with the evolution of new mechanisms of spore dispersal, such as aerial dispersal in mycelial groups and polar tube eversion in the microsporidia (unicellular forms that lack mitochondria). The enigmatic microsporidia seem to be derived from an endoparasitic chytrid ancestor similar to Rozella allomycis, on the earliest diverging branch of the fungal phylogenetic tree.",
author = "James, {T. Y.} and Frank Kauff and Schoch, {Conrad L.} and Matheny, {P. Brandon} and Val{\'e}rie Hofstetter and Cox, {Cymon J.} and Gail Celio and C{\'e}cile Gueidan and Emily Fraker and Jolanta Miadlikowska and Lumbsch, {H Thorsten} and Alexandra Rauhut and Val{\'e}rie Reeb and Arnold, {A. Elizabeth} and Anja Amtoft and Stajich, {Jason A.} and Kentaro Hosaka and Gi-Ho Sung and Desiree Johnson and Ben O'Rourke and Michael Crockett and Manfred Binder and Curtis, {Judd M.} and Slot, {Jason C.} and Zheng Wang and Wilson, {Andrew W.} and Arthur Sch{\"u}sszligler and Longcore, {Joyce E.} and Kerry O'Donnell and Mozley-Standridge, {Sharon E.} and David Porter and Letcher, {Peter M.} and Powell, {Martha J.} and Taylor, {John W.} and White, {Merlin M.} and Griffith, {Gareth W.} and Davies, {David R.} and Humber, {Richard A.} and Morton, {Joseph B.} and Junta Sugiyama and Rossman, {Amy Y} and Rogers, {Jack D.} and Pfister, {Donald H.} and David Hewitt and Karen Hansen and Sarah Hambleton and Shoemaker, {Robert A.} and Jan Kohlmeyer and Brigitte Volkmann-Kohlmeyer and Spotts, {Robert A.} and Maryna Serdani and Crous, {Pedro W.} and Hughes, {Karen W.} and Kenji Matsuura and Ewald Langer and Gitta Langer and Untereiner, {Wendy A.} and Robert L{\"u}cking and Burkhard B{\"u}del and Geiser, {David M.} and Andr{\'e} Aptroot and Paul Diederich and Imke Schmitt and Matthias Schultz and Rebecca Yahr and Hibbett, {David S.} and Fran{\c c}ois Lutzoni and McLaughlin, {David J.} and Spatafora, {Joseph W} and Rytas Vilgalys",
note = "James, T. Y., Kauff, F., Schoch, C. L., Matheny, P. B., Hofstetter, V., Cox, C. J., Celio, G., Gueidan, C., Fraker, E., Miadlikowska, J., Lumbsch, H. T., Rauhut, A., Reeb, V., Arnold, A. E., Amtoft, A., Stajich, J. A., Hosaka, K., Sung, G-H., Johnson, D., O'Rourke, B., Crockett, M., Binder, M., Curtis, J. M., Slot, J. C., Wang, Z., Wilson, A. W., Sch{\"u}sszligler, A., Longcore, J. E., O'Donnell, K., Mozley-Standridge, S. E., Porter, D., Letcher, P. M., Powell, M. J., Taylor, J. W., White, M. M., Griffith, G. W., Davies, D. R., Humber, R. A., Morton, J. B., Sugiyama, J., Rossman, A. Y., Rogers, J. D., Pfister, D. H., Hewitt, D., Hansen, K., Hambleton, S., Shoemaker, R. A., Kohlmeyer, J., Volkmann-Kohlmeyer, B., Spotts, R. A., Serdani, M., Crous, P. W., Hughes, K. W., Matsuura, K., Langer, E., Langer, G., Untereiner, W. A., L{\"u}cking, R., B{\"u}del, B., Geiser, D. M., Aptroot, A., Diederich, P., Schmitt, I., Schultz, M., Yahr, R., Hibbett, D. S., Lutzoni, F., McLaughlin, D. J., Spatafora, J. W., Vilgalys, R. (2006). Reconstructing the early evolution of fungi using a six-gene phylogeny. Nature, 443, 818-822",
year = "2006",
month = oct,
day = "19",
doi = "10.1038/nature05110",
language = "English",
volume = "443",
pages = "818--822",
journal = "Nature",
issn = "0028-0836",
publisher = "Springer Nature",
}