@article{90c82b3c72e847afbb2616607f350b9f,
title = "The Transcriptional Adaptor Protein ADA3a Modulates Flowering of Arabidopsis thaliana",
abstract = "Histone acetylation is directly related to gene expression. In yeast, the acetyltransferase general control nonderepressible-5 (GCN5) targets histone H3 and associates with transcriptional co-activators alteration/deficiency in activation-2 (ADA2) and alteration/deficiency in activation-3 (ADA3) in complexes like SAGA. Arabidopsis thaliana has two genes encoding proteins, designated ADA3a and ADA3b, that correspond to yeast ADA3. We investigated the role of ADA3a and ADA3b in regulating gene expression during flowering time. Specifically, we found that knock out mutants ada3a-2 and the double mutant ada3a-2 ada3b-2 lead to early flowering compared to the wild type plants under long day (LD) conditions and after moving plants from short days to LD. Consistent with ADA3a being a repressor of floral initiation, FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) expression was increased in ada3a mutants. In contrast, other genes involved in multiple pathways leading to floral transition, including FT repressors, players in GA signaling, and members of the SPL transcriptional factors, displayed reduced expression. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis revealed that ADA3a affects the histone H3K14 acetylation levels in SPL3, SPL5, RGA, GAI, and SMZ loci. In conclusion, ADA3a is involved in floral induction through a GCN5-containing complex that acetylates histone H3 in the chromatin of flowering related genes.",
keywords = "ADA2, ADA3, DELLA, FT, Flowering, GCN5, Gene expression, H3K14Ac, Histone acetylation, SPL, Nuclear Proteins/chemistry, Arabidopsis/genetics, Phylogeny, Histones/metabolism, Time Factors, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Arabidopsis Proteins/chemistry, Protein Domains, Transcription, Genetic, Acetylation, Mutation/genetics, Genome, Plant, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, Phenotype, Epistasis, Genetic, Protein Binding, Flowers/genetics, DNA, Bacterial/genetics",
author = "Stylianos Poulios and Despoina Dadarou and Maxim Gavriilidis and Niki Mougiou and Nestoras Kargios and Vasileia Maliori and Hark, {Amy T.} and Doonan, {John H.} and Vlachonasios, {Konstantinos E.}",
note = "Funding This research was funded by European Structural and Investment Funds (ESIF) and the Hellenic Republic Ministry of Development and Investments, Partnership Agreement (PA) 2014–2020, Human Resources Development, Education and Lifelong Learning 103, grant number 99073. Acknowledgments We gratefully acknowledge gifts of plasmids and yeast strains from Professor Steven J. Triezenberg (VanAdel Institute). DD supported by an Erasmus-LLP student exchange program between Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTh) and NPPC Aberystwyth University. This work supported by Graduate program “Applications of Biology—Biotechnology, Molecular and Microbial Analysis of Food and Products” from School of Biology, AUTh and by funds from AUTh, School of Biology to KEV.",
year = "2021",
month = apr,
day = "14",
doi = "10.3390/cells10040904",
language = "English",
volume = "10",
journal = "Cells",
issn = "2073-4409",
publisher = "Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute",
number = "4",
}