TY - JOUR
T1 - Zinc and copper enhance cucumber tolerance to fusaric acid by mediating its distribution and toxicity and modifying the antioxidant system
AU - Wang, Ruirui
AU - Huang, Jian
AU - Liang, Aichen
AU - Wang, Ying
AU - Mur, Luis Alejandro Jose
AU - Wang, Min
AU - Guo, Shiwei
PY - 2020/5/10
Y1 - 2020/5/10
N2 - Fusaric acid (FA), the fungal toxin produced by Fusarium oxysporum, plays a predominant role in the virulence and symptom development of Fusarium wilt disease. As mineral nutrients can be protective agents against Fusarium wilt, hydroponic experiments employing zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) followed by FA treatment were conducted in a glasshouse. FA exhibited strong phytotoxicity on cucumber plants, which was reversed by the addition of Zn or Cu. Thus, Zn or Cu dramatically reduced the wilt index, alleviated the leaf or root cell membrane injury and mitigated against the FA inhibition of plant growth and photosynthesis. Cucumber plants grown with Zn exhibited decreased FA transportation to shoots and a 17% increase in toxicity mitigation and showed minimal hydrogen peroxide, lipid peroxidation level with the increased of antioxidant enzymes activity in both roots and leaves. Cucumber grown with additional Cu absorbed less FA but showed more toxicity mitigation at 20% compared to with additional Zn and exhibited decreased hydrogen peroxide level and increased antioxidant enzymes activity. Thus, adding Zn or Cu can decrease the toxicity of the FA by affecting the absorption or transportation of the FA in plants and mitigate toxicity possibly through chelation. Zn and Cu modify the antioxidant system to scavenge hydrogen peroxide for suppressing FA induction of oxidative damage. Our experiments could provide a theoretical basis for the direct application of micro-fertilizer as protective agents in farming.
AB - Fusaric acid (FA), the fungal toxin produced by Fusarium oxysporum, plays a predominant role in the virulence and symptom development of Fusarium wilt disease. As mineral nutrients can be protective agents against Fusarium wilt, hydroponic experiments employing zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) followed by FA treatment were conducted in a glasshouse. FA exhibited strong phytotoxicity on cucumber plants, which was reversed by the addition of Zn or Cu. Thus, Zn or Cu dramatically reduced the wilt index, alleviated the leaf or root cell membrane injury and mitigated against the FA inhibition of plant growth and photosynthesis. Cucumber plants grown with Zn exhibited decreased FA transportation to shoots and a 17% increase in toxicity mitigation and showed minimal hydrogen peroxide, lipid peroxidation level with the increased of antioxidant enzymes activity in both roots and leaves. Cucumber grown with additional Cu absorbed less FA but showed more toxicity mitigation at 20% compared to with additional Zn and exhibited decreased hydrogen peroxide level and increased antioxidant enzymes activity. Thus, adding Zn or Cu can decrease the toxicity of the FA by affecting the absorption or transportation of the FA in plants and mitigate toxicity possibly through chelation. Zn and Cu modify the antioxidant system to scavenge hydrogen peroxide for suppressing FA induction of oxidative damage. Our experiments could provide a theoretical basis for the direct application of micro-fertilizer as protective agents in farming.
KW - Copper
KW - Distribution
KW - Fusaric acid
KW - Mitigation
KW - Oxidative stress
KW - Zinc
KW - Plant Diseases/microbiology
KW - Photosynthesis/drug effects
KW - Hydrogen Peroxide/metabolism
KW - Copper/metabolism
KW - Fusaric Acid/metabolism
KW - Plant Roots/drug effects
KW - Oxidative Stress/drug effects
KW - Plant Leaves/drug effects
KW - Plant Stems/drug effects
KW - Antioxidants/metabolism
KW - Fusarium/metabolism
KW - Cucumis sativus/drug effects
KW - Mycotoxins/metabolism
KW - Zinc/metabolism
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85084449435&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/ijms21093370
DO - 10.3390/ijms21093370
M3 - Article
C2 - 32397623
AN - SCOPUS:85084449435
SN - 1661-6596
VL - 21
JO - International Journal of Molecular Sciences
JF - International Journal of Molecular Sciences
IS - 9
M1 - 3370
ER -