TY - JOUR
T1 - A Real-Time, 3-D Musculoskeletal Model for Dynamic Simulation of Arm Movements
AU - Chadwick, Edward
AU - Blana, Dimitra
AU - Bogert, Antonie van den
AU - Kirsch, Robert
N1 - Restoration of complex, functional movements in the upper limb through neuromuscular electrical stimulation is an emerging rehabilitation technology for people with high-level spinal cord injury. Natural control of such systems requires advanced command and control schemes. This work presents the first real-time neuromuscular model of this complexity, allowing ?user-in-the-loop? type experiments, where the user is an integral part of the control system, to take place. Development and testing of brain-computer interfaces and algorithms for real-time dynamic control, as well as assessment and training of potential users, are made possible by this model.
PY - 2009/4/1
Y1 - 2009/4/1
N2 - Neuroprostheses can be used to restore movement of the upper limb in individuals with high-level spinal cord injury. Development and evaluation of command and control schemes for such devices typically require real-time, "patient-in-the-loop" experimentation. A real-time, 3-D, musculoskeletal model of the upper limb has been developed for use in a simulation environment to allow such testing to be carried out noninvasively. The model provides real-time feedback of human arm dynamics that can be displayed to the user in a virtual reality environment. The model has a 3-DOF glenohumeral joint as well as elbow flexion/extension and pronation/supination and contains 22 muscles of the shoulder and elbow divided into multiple elements. The model is able to run in real time on modest desktop hardware and demonstrates that a large-scale, 3-D model can be made to run in real time. This is a prerequisite for a real-time, whole-arm model that will form part of a dynamic arm simulator for use in the development, testing, and user training of neural prosthesis systems.
AB - Neuroprostheses can be used to restore movement of the upper limb in individuals with high-level spinal cord injury. Development and evaluation of command and control schemes for such devices typically require real-time, "patient-in-the-loop" experimentation. A real-time, 3-D, musculoskeletal model of the upper limb has been developed for use in a simulation environment to allow such testing to be carried out noninvasively. The model provides real-time feedback of human arm dynamics that can be displayed to the user in a virtual reality environment. The model has a 3-DOF glenohumeral joint as well as elbow flexion/extension and pronation/supination and contains 22 muscles of the shoulder and elbow divided into multiple elements. The model is able to run in real time on modest desktop hardware and demonstrates that a large-scale, 3-D model can be made to run in real time. This is a prerequisite for a real-time, whole-arm model that will form part of a dynamic arm simulator for use in the development, testing, and user training of neural prosthesis systems.
UR - http://hdl.handle.net/2160/8179
U2 - 10.1109/TBME.2008.2005946
DO - 10.1109/TBME.2008.2005946
M3 - Article
C2 - 19272926
SN - 0018-9294
VL - 56
SP - 941
EP - 948
JO - IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
JF - IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
IS - 4
ER -