An interference-conscious reduced routing overhead protocol for Device-to-Device (D2D) Networks

The Device-to-Device (D2D) communication has attracted much popularity in the recent years. D2D communication requires a multi-hop route to establish the communication between D2D users which are not in the communication range of each other. D2D users communicate at lower power to keep the interference to a minimum level which necessitates the need of an interference aware routing scheme. The existing interference-aware routing schemes for D2D communication either consider observed average interference or Signal-to-Interference-and-Noise-Ratio (SINR). However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no scheme in the literature that satisfies the network requirements of having better SINR and minimum interference simultaneously. In this paper, we propose a novel routing metric and novel route discovery mechanisms for D2D communication. The novel routing metric, MIIS (Metric for Interference Impact and SINR) selects routes with higher SINR and lower interference. The novel route discovery mechanism, reactive centralized routing, takes advantage of the presence of BS to establish D2D routes which reduces routing overhead as compared to distributed routing scheme. We also extend the reactive centralized routing to proactive centralized routing. The performance evaluation in OMNeT++ network simulator verifies that our proposed schemes outperform other schemes in terms of average hop count, routing overhead, packet loss ratio and end-to-end delay.