ASPERA-3: Analyser of space plasmas and energetic ions for mars express

S. Barabash; R. Lundin; H. Andersson; J. Gimholt; M. Holmström; O. Norberg; M. Yamauchi; K. Asamura; A. J. Coates; D. R. Linder; D. O. Kataria; C. C. Curtis; K. C. Hsieh; B. R. Sandel; A. Fedorov; A. Grigoriev; E. Budnik; M. Grande; M. Carter; D. H. Reading; H. Koskinen; E. Kallio; P. Riihela; T. Säles; J. Kozyra; N. Krupp; S. Livi; J. Woch; J. Luhmann; S. McKenna-Lawlor; S. Orsini; R. Cerulli-Irelli; M. Maggi; A. Morbidini; A. Mura; A. Milillo; E. Roelof; D. Williams; J. A. Sauvaud; J. J. Thocaven; T. Moreau; D. Winningham; R. Frahm; J. Scherrer; J. Sharber; P. Wurz; P. Bochsler

ASPERA-3: Analyser of space plasmas and energetic ions for mars express

S. Barabash^*, R. Lundin, H. Andersson, J. Gimholt, M. Holmström, O. Norberg, M. Yamauchi, K. Asamura, A. J. Coates, D. R. Linder, D. O. Kataria, C. C. Curtis, K. C. Hsieh, B. R. Sandel, A. Fedorov, A. Grigoriev, E. Budnik, M. Grande, M. Carter, D. H. ReadingH. Koskinen, E. Kallio, P. Riihela, T. Säles, J. Kozyra, N. Krupp, S. Livi, J. Woch, J. Luhmann, S. McKenna-Lawlor, S. Orsini, R. Cerulli-Irelli, M. Maggi, A. Morbidini, A. Mura, A. Milillo, E. Roelof, D. Williams, J. A. Sauvaud, J. J. Thocaven, T. Moreau, D. Winningham, R. Frahm, J. Scherrer, J. Sharber, P. Wurz, P. Bochsler

^*Corresponding author for this work

Department of Physics

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review Article › peer-review

75 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The ASPERA-3 (Analyser of Space Plasma and Energetic Atoms) instrument of Mars Express is designed to study the solar wind-Mars atmosphere interaction and to characterise the plasma and neutral gas environment in near-Mars space through energetic neutral atom (ENA) imaging and local charged-particle measurements. The studies address the fundamental question: how strongly do the interplanetary plasma and electromagnetic fields affect the martian atmosphere? This question is directly related to the problem of martian dehydration. The instrument comprises four sensors; two ENA sensors, and electron and ion spectrometers. The Neutral Particle Imager (NPI) measures the integral ENA flux (0.1-60 keV) with no mass and energy resolution but with high angular resolution. The Neutral Particle Detector (NPD) measures the ENA flux, resolving energy (0.1-10 keV) and mass (H and O) with a coarse angular resolution. The electron spectrometer (ELS) is a standard top-hat electrostatic analyser of a very compact design. These three sensors are mounted on a scanning platform providing 4π coverage. The instrument includes an ion mass composition sensor, IMA (Ion Mass Analyser). Mechanically, IMA is a separate unit connected by a cable to the ASPERA-3 main unit. IMA provides ion measurements in the energy range 0.01-40 keV/q for the main ion components H⁺, He ²⁺, He⁺O⁺ with 20-80 amu/g.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	121-139
Number of pages	19
Journal	European Space Agency, (Special Publication) ESA SP
Issue number	1240
Publication status	Published - Aug 2004

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Barabash, S., Lundin, R., Andersson, H., Gimholt, J., Holmström, M., Norberg, O., Yamauchi, M., Asamura, K., Coates, A. J., Linder, D. R., Kataria, D. O., Curtis, C. C., Hsieh, K. C., Sandel, B. R., Fedorov, A., Grigoriev, A., Budnik, E., Grande, M., Carter, M., ... Bochsler, P. (2004). ASPERA-3: Analyser of space plasmas and energetic ions for mars express. European Space Agency, (Special Publication) ESA SP, (1240), 121-139.

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title = "ASPERA-3: Analyser of space plasmas and energetic ions for mars express",

abstract = "The ASPERA-3 (Analyser of Space Plasma and Energetic Atoms) instrument of Mars Express is designed to study the solar wind-Mars atmosphere interaction and to characterise the plasma and neutral gas environment in near-Mars space through energetic neutral atom (ENA) imaging and local charged-particle measurements. The studies address the fundamental question: how strongly do the interplanetary plasma and electromagnetic fields affect the martian atmosphere? This question is directly related to the problem of martian dehydration. The instrument comprises four sensors; two ENA sensors, and electron and ion spectrometers. The Neutral Particle Imager (NPI) measures the integral ENA flux (0.1-60 keV) with no mass and energy resolution but with high angular resolution. The Neutral Particle Detector (NPD) measures the ENA flux, resolving energy (0.1-10 keV) and mass (H and O) with a coarse angular resolution. The electron spectrometer (ELS) is a standard top-hat electrostatic analyser of a very compact design. These three sensors are mounted on a scanning platform providing 4π coverage. The instrument includes an ion mass composition sensor, IMA (Ion Mass Analyser). Mechanically, IMA is a separate unit connected by a cable to the ASPERA-3 main unit. IMA provides ion measurements in the energy range 0.01-40 keV/q for the main ion components H+, He 2+, He+O+ with 20-80 amu/g.",

author = "S. Barabash and R. Lundin and H. Andersson and J. Gimholt and M. Holmstr{\"o}m and O. Norberg and M. Yamauchi and K. Asamura and Coates, {A. J.} and Linder, {D. R.} and Kataria, {D. O.} and Curtis, {C. C.} and Hsieh, {K. C.} and Sandel, {B. R.} and A. Fedorov and A. Grigoriev and E. Budnik and M. Grande and M. Carter and Reading, {D. H.} and H. Koskinen and E. Kallio and P. Riihela and T. S{\"a}les and J. Kozyra and N. Krupp and S. Livi and J. Woch and J. Luhmann and S. McKenna-Lawlor and S. Orsini and R. Cerulli-Irelli and M. Maggi and A. Morbidini and A. Mura and A. Milillo and E. Roelof and D. Williams and Sauvaud, {J. A.} and Thocaven, {J. J.} and T. Moreau and D. Winningham and R. Frahm and J. Scherrer and J. Sharber and P. Wurz and P. Bochsler",

year = "2004",

month = aug,

language = "English",

pages = "121--139",

journal = "European Space Agency, (Special Publication) ESA SP",

issn = "0379-6566",

publisher = "European Space Agency",

number = "1240",

}

Barabash, S, Lundin, R, Andersson, H, Gimholt, J, Holmström, M, Norberg, O, Yamauchi, M, Asamura, K, Coates, AJ, Linder, DR, Kataria, DO, Curtis, CC, Hsieh, KC, Sandel, BR, Fedorov, A, Grigoriev, A, Budnik, E, Grande, M, Carter, M, Reading, DH, Koskinen, H, Kallio, E, Riihela, P, Säles, T, Kozyra, J, Krupp, N, Livi, S, Woch, J, Luhmann, J, McKenna-Lawlor, S, Orsini, S, Cerulli-Irelli, R, Maggi, M, Morbidini, A, Mura, A, Milillo, A, Roelof, E, Williams, D, Sauvaud, JA, Thocaven, JJ, Moreau, T, Winningham, D, Frahm, R, Scherrer, J, Sharber, J, Wurz, P & Bochsler, P 2004, 'ASPERA-3: Analyser of space plasmas and energetic ions for mars express', European Space Agency, (Special Publication) ESA SP, no. 1240, pp. 121-139.

TY - JOUR

T1 - ASPERA-3

T2 - Analyser of space plasmas and energetic ions for mars express

AU - Barabash, S.

AU - Lundin, R.

AU - Andersson, H.

AU - Gimholt, J.

AU - Holmström, M.

AU - Norberg, O.

AU - Yamauchi, M.

AU - Asamura, K.

AU - Coates, A. J.

AU - Linder, D. R.

AU - Kataria, D. O.

AU - Curtis, C. C.

AU - Hsieh, K. C.

AU - Sandel, B. R.

AU - Fedorov, A.

AU - Grigoriev, A.

AU - Budnik, E.

AU - Grande, M.

AU - Carter, M.

AU - Reading, D. H.

AU - Koskinen, H.

AU - Kallio, E.

AU - Riihela, P.

AU - Säles, T.

AU - Kozyra, J.

AU - Krupp, N.

AU - Livi, S.

AU - Woch, J.

AU - Luhmann, J.

AU - McKenna-Lawlor, S.

AU - Orsini, S.

AU - Cerulli-Irelli, R.

AU - Maggi, M.

AU - Morbidini, A.

AU - Mura, A.

AU - Milillo, A.

AU - Roelof, E.

AU - Williams, D.

AU - Sauvaud, J. A.

AU - Thocaven, J. J.

AU - Moreau, T.

AU - Winningham, D.

AU - Frahm, R.

AU - Scherrer, J.

AU - Sharber, J.

AU - Wurz, P.

AU - Bochsler, P.

PY - 2004/8

Y1 - 2004/8

N2 - The ASPERA-3 (Analyser of Space Plasma and Energetic Atoms) instrument of Mars Express is designed to study the solar wind-Mars atmosphere interaction and to characterise the plasma and neutral gas environment in near-Mars space through energetic neutral atom (ENA) imaging and local charged-particle measurements. The studies address the fundamental question: how strongly do the interplanetary plasma and electromagnetic fields affect the martian atmosphere? This question is directly related to the problem of martian dehydration. The instrument comprises four sensors; two ENA sensors, and electron and ion spectrometers. The Neutral Particle Imager (NPI) measures the integral ENA flux (0.1-60 keV) with no mass and energy resolution but with high angular resolution. The Neutral Particle Detector (NPD) measures the ENA flux, resolving energy (0.1-10 keV) and mass (H and O) with a coarse angular resolution. The electron spectrometer (ELS) is a standard top-hat electrostatic analyser of a very compact design. These three sensors are mounted on a scanning platform providing 4π coverage. The instrument includes an ion mass composition sensor, IMA (Ion Mass Analyser). Mechanically, IMA is a separate unit connected by a cable to the ASPERA-3 main unit. IMA provides ion measurements in the energy range 0.01-40 keV/q for the main ion components H+, He 2+, He+O+ with 20-80 amu/g.

AB - The ASPERA-3 (Analyser of Space Plasma and Energetic Atoms) instrument of Mars Express is designed to study the solar wind-Mars atmosphere interaction and to characterise the plasma and neutral gas environment in near-Mars space through energetic neutral atom (ENA) imaging and local charged-particle measurements. The studies address the fundamental question: how strongly do the interplanetary plasma and electromagnetic fields affect the martian atmosphere? This question is directly related to the problem of martian dehydration. The instrument comprises four sensors; two ENA sensors, and electron and ion spectrometers. The Neutral Particle Imager (NPI) measures the integral ENA flux (0.1-60 keV) with no mass and energy resolution but with high angular resolution. The Neutral Particle Detector (NPD) measures the ENA flux, resolving energy (0.1-10 keV) and mass (H and O) with a coarse angular resolution. The electron spectrometer (ELS) is a standard top-hat electrostatic analyser of a very compact design. These three sensors are mounted on a scanning platform providing 4π coverage. The instrument includes an ion mass composition sensor, IMA (Ion Mass Analyser). Mechanically, IMA is a separate unit connected by a cable to the ASPERA-3 main unit. IMA provides ion measurements in the energy range 0.01-40 keV/q for the main ion components H+, He 2+, He+O+ with 20-80 amu/g.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=4243128195&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - https://sci.esa.int/documents/33745/35957/1567254799744-BaraWeb.pdf

M3 - Review Article

AN - SCOPUS:4243128195

SN - 0379-6566

SP - 121

EP - 139

JO - European Space Agency, (Special Publication) ESA SP

JF - European Space Agency, (Special Publication) ESA SP

IS - 1240

ER -

ASPERA-3: Analyser of space plasmas and energetic ions for mars express

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