Identification of Mendel's White Flower Character

Roger P. Hellens; Carol Moreau; K. Lin-Wang; Kathy E. Schwinn; Susan J. Thomson; Mark W. E. J. Fiers; Tonya J. Frew; Sarah R. Murray; J. M. I. Hofer; Jeanne M. E. Jacobs; Kevin M.  Davies; Andrew C. Allan; Abdelhafid Bendahmane; Clarice J. Coyne; Gail M. Timmerman-Vaughan; T. H. N. Ellis

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0013230

Identification of Mendel's White Flower Character

Roger P. Hellens
, Carol Moreau
, K. Lin-Wang
, Kathy E. Schwinn
, Susan J. Thomson
, Mark W. E. J. Fiers
, Tonya J. Frew
, Sarah R. Murray
, J. M. I. Hofer
, Jeanne M. E. Jacobs
, Kevin M. Davies
, Andrew C. Allan
, Abdelhafid Bendahmane
, Clarice J. Coyne
, Gail M. Timmerman-Vaughan
, T. H. N. Ellis

Institute of Biological, Environmental, and Rural Sciences

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

126 Citations (Scopus)

174 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Background: The genetic regulation of flower color has been widely studied, notably as a character used by Mendel and his predecessors in the study of inheritance in pea.

Methodology/Principal Findings: We used the genome sequence of model legumes, together with their known synteny to the pea genome to identify candidate genes for the A and A2 loci in pea. We then used a combination of genetic mapping, fast neutron mutant analysis, allelic diversity, transcript quantification and transient expression complementation studies to confirm the identity of the candidates.

Conclusions/Significance: We have identified the pea genes A and A2. A is the factor determining anthocyanin pigmentation in pea that was used by Gregor Mendel 150 years ago in his study of inheritance. The A gene encodes a bHLH transcription factor. The white flowered mutant allele most likely used by Mendel is a simple G to A transition in a splice donor site that leads to a mis-spliced mRNA with a premature stop codon, and we have identified a second rare mutant allele. The A2 gene encodes a WD40 protein that is part of an evolutionarily conserved regulatory complex.

Original language	English
Article number	e13230
Number of pages	8
Journal	PLoS ONE
Volume	5
Issue number	10
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0013230
Publication status	Published - 31 Dec 2010

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Hellens, R. P., Moreau, C., Lin-Wang, K., Schwinn, K. E., Thomson, S. J., Fiers, M. W. E. J., Frew, T. J., Murray, S. R., Hofer, J. M. I., Jacobs, J. M. E., Davies, K. M., Allan, A. C., Bendahmane, A., Coyne, C. J., Timmerman-Vaughan, G. M., & Ellis, T. H. N. (2010). Identification of Mendel's White Flower Character. PLoS ONE, 5(10), Article e13230. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0013230

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title = "Identification of Mendel's White Flower Character",

abstract = "Background: The genetic regulation of flower color has been widely studied, notably as a character used by Mendel and his predecessors in the study of inheritance in pea. Methodology/Principal Findings: We used the genome sequence of model legumes, together with their known synteny to the pea genome to identify candidate genes for the A and A2 loci in pea. We then used a combination of genetic mapping, fast neutron mutant analysis, allelic diversity, transcript quantification and transient expression complementation studies to confirm the identity of the candidates. Conclusions/Significance: We have identified the pea genes A and A2. A is the factor determining anthocyanin pigmentation in pea that was used by Gregor Mendel 150 years ago in his study of inheritance. The A gene encodes a bHLH transcription factor. The white flowered mutant allele most likely used by Mendel is a simple G to A transition in a splice donor site that leads to a mis-spliced mRNA with a premature stop codon, and we have identified a second rare mutant allele. The A2 gene encodes a WD40 protein that is part of an evolutionarily conserved regulatory complex.",

author = "Hellens, \{Roger P.\} and Carol Moreau and K. Lin-Wang and Schwinn, \{Kathy E.\} and Thomson, \{Susan J.\} and Fiers, \{Mark W. E. J.\} and Frew, \{Tonya J.\} and Murray, \{Sarah R.\} and Hofer, \{J. M. I.\} and Jacobs, \{Jeanne M. E.\} and Davies, \{Kevin M.\} and Allan, \{Andrew C.\} and Abdelhafid Bendahmane and Coyne, \{Clarice J.\} and Timmerman-Vaughan, \{Gail M.\} and Ellis, \{T. H. N.\}",

note = "Hellens, R. P., Moreau, C., Lin-Wang, K., Schwinn, K. E., Thomson, S. J., Fiers, M. W. E. J., Frew, T. J., Murray, S. R., Hofer, J. M. I., Jacobs, J. M. E., Davies, K. M., Allan, A. C., Bendahmane, A., Coyne, C. J., Timmerman-Vaughan, G. M., Ellis, T. H. N. (2010). Identification of Mendel's White Flower Character. PLoS One, 5 (10), Article No: e13230",

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T1 - Identification of Mendel's White Flower Character

AU - Hellens, Roger P.

AU - Moreau, Carol

AU - Lin-Wang, K.

AU - Schwinn, Kathy E.

AU - Thomson, Susan J.

AU - Fiers, Mark W. E. J.

AU - Frew, Tonya J.

AU - Murray, Sarah R.

AU - Hofer, J. M. I.

AU - Jacobs, Jeanne M. E.

AU - Davies, Kevin M.

AU - Allan, Andrew C.

AU - Bendahmane, Abdelhafid

AU - Coyne, Clarice J.

AU - Timmerman-Vaughan, Gail M.

AU - Ellis, T. H. N.

N1 - Hellens, R. P., Moreau, C., Lin-Wang, K., Schwinn, K. E., Thomson, S. J., Fiers, M. W. E. J., Frew, T. J., Murray, S. R., Hofer, J. M. I., Jacobs, J. M. E., Davies, K. M., Allan, A. C., Bendahmane, A., Coyne, C. J., Timmerman-Vaughan, G. M., Ellis, T. H. N. (2010). Identification of Mendel's White Flower Character. PLoS One, 5 (10), Article No: e13230

PY - 2010/12/31

Y1 - 2010/12/31

N2 - Background: The genetic regulation of flower color has been widely studied, notably as a character used by Mendel and his predecessors in the study of inheritance in pea. Methodology/Principal Findings: We used the genome sequence of model legumes, together with their known synteny to the pea genome to identify candidate genes for the A and A2 loci in pea. We then used a combination of genetic mapping, fast neutron mutant analysis, allelic diversity, transcript quantification and transient expression complementation studies to confirm the identity of the candidates. Conclusions/Significance: We have identified the pea genes A and A2. A is the factor determining anthocyanin pigmentation in pea that was used by Gregor Mendel 150 years ago in his study of inheritance. The A gene encodes a bHLH transcription factor. The white flowered mutant allele most likely used by Mendel is a simple G to A transition in a splice donor site that leads to a mis-spliced mRNA with a premature stop codon, and we have identified a second rare mutant allele. The A2 gene encodes a WD40 protein that is part of an evolutionarily conserved regulatory complex.

AB - Background: The genetic regulation of flower color has been widely studied, notably as a character used by Mendel and his predecessors in the study of inheritance in pea. Methodology/Principal Findings: We used the genome sequence of model legumes, together with their known synteny to the pea genome to identify candidate genes for the A and A2 loci in pea. We then used a combination of genetic mapping, fast neutron mutant analysis, allelic diversity, transcript quantification and transient expression complementation studies to confirm the identity of the candidates. Conclusions/Significance: We have identified the pea genes A and A2. A is the factor determining anthocyanin pigmentation in pea that was used by Gregor Mendel 150 years ago in his study of inheritance. The A gene encodes a bHLH transcription factor. The white flowered mutant allele most likely used by Mendel is a simple G to A transition in a splice donor site that leads to a mis-spliced mRNA with a premature stop codon, and we have identified a second rare mutant allele. The A2 gene encodes a WD40 protein that is part of an evolutionarily conserved regulatory complex.

UR - http://hdl.handle.net/2160/8688

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DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0013230

M3 - Article

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SN - 1932-6203

VL - 5

JO - PLoS ONE

JF - PLoS ONE

IS - 10

M1 - e13230

ER -

Identification of Mendel's White Flower Character

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