TY - JOUR
T1 - Product vs. process? The role of geomorphology in wetland characterization
AU - Lisenby, Peyton E.
AU - Tooth, Stephen
AU - Ralph, Timothy J.
N1 - Funding Information:
During the preparation of this manuscript Peyton Lisenby was an Honorary Postdoctoral Associate of Macquarie University, and supported at Aberystwyth University as a Rutherford Fellow by a Rutherford Fund Strategic Partnership Grant ( RF-2018-53 ) allocated by the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS) and managed by Universities UK International (UUKi). We thank Simon Hunter for pictures of the Gwydir and Lachlan wetlands. We also thank the two anonymous reviewers and the Associate Editor (Sergi Sabater) for comments and suggestions that helped to improve the clarity of this manuscript.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2019/5/1
Y1 - 2019/5/1
N2 - Wetland classification has become a primary tool to characterize and inventory wetland landscapes, but wetlands are difficult to classify because they straddle the terrestrial and aquatic boundary and occur in a variety of hydroclimatic and topographic settings. Presently, many ecological wetland classification schemes are focused on the ‘hydrogeomorphic’ unit, which attempts to account for the physical setting of a wetland. In many cases topographic terms (e.g. flats, slopes) rather than geomorphological terms (e.g. oxbow, floodplain) are used to characterize landforms, and little attempt is made to characterize the process-landform relationships within wetland landscapes. The current misrepresentation of product geomorphology (i.e. topographic rather than landform description) and underrepresentation of process geomorphology (i.e. lacking process-landform relationships) means that many current wetland classification schemes represent an incomplete and static attempt to characterize geomorphologically dynamic wetland landscapes. Here, we use examples from wetlands in the drylands of Africa, Australia, and North America to identify the capacity for adjustment (i.e. form and timescale of adjustment) of wetland landforms and we relate this capacity to the geomorphological concepts of sediment connectivity and landform sensitivity. We highlight how geomorphological insights into process-landform relationships and timescales of landform adjustment can add value to wetland classification efforts, with important implications for wetland management and ecosystem service delivery. We submit that geomorphology has a much larger role to play in wetland characterization and can enhance existing wetland classification schemes. More participation by the geomorphology community in wetland science and more awareness by the ecology community in recognizing and characterizing wetlands as dynamic landscapes will facilitate more effective wetland research and management
AB - Wetland classification has become a primary tool to characterize and inventory wetland landscapes, but wetlands are difficult to classify because they straddle the terrestrial and aquatic boundary and occur in a variety of hydroclimatic and topographic settings. Presently, many ecological wetland classification schemes are focused on the ‘hydrogeomorphic’ unit, which attempts to account for the physical setting of a wetland. In many cases topographic terms (e.g. flats, slopes) rather than geomorphological terms (e.g. oxbow, floodplain) are used to characterize landforms, and little attempt is made to characterize the process-landform relationships within wetland landscapes. The current misrepresentation of product geomorphology (i.e. topographic rather than landform description) and underrepresentation of process geomorphology (i.e. lacking process-landform relationships) means that many current wetland classification schemes represent an incomplete and static attempt to characterize geomorphologically dynamic wetland landscapes. Here, we use examples from wetlands in the drylands of Africa, Australia, and North America to identify the capacity for adjustment (i.e. form and timescale of adjustment) of wetland landforms and we relate this capacity to the geomorphological concepts of sediment connectivity and landform sensitivity. We highlight how geomorphological insights into process-landform relationships and timescales of landform adjustment can add value to wetland classification efforts, with important implications for wetland management and ecosystem service delivery. We submit that geomorphology has a much larger role to play in wetland characterization and can enhance existing wetland classification schemes. More participation by the geomorphology community in wetland science and more awareness by the ecology community in recognizing and characterizing wetlands as dynamic landscapes will facilitate more effective wetland research and management
KW - ecosystem services
KW - geomorphological adjustment
KW - landform sensitivity
KW - sediment connectivity
KW - wetland management
KW - Landform sensitivity
KW - Sediment connectivity
KW - Geomorphological adjustment
KW - Ecosystem services
KW - Wetland management
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85061117552&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.399
DO - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.399
M3 - Comment/Debate
C2 - 30739866
SN - 0048-9697
VL - 663
SP - 980
EP - 991
JO - Science of the Total Environment
JF - Science of the Total Environment
ER -
