The Chandrayaan-1 X-Ray Spectrometer: First Results

S. Z. Weider; B. J. Kellett; B. M. Swinyard; I. A. Crawford; K. H. Joy; M. Grande; C. J. Howe; J. Huovelin; S. Narendranath; L. Alha; M. Anand; P. S. Athiray; N. Bhandari; J. A. Carter; A. C. Cook; L. C. d'Uston; V. A. Fernandes; O. Gasnault; J. N. Goswami; J. P. D. Gow; A. D. Holland; D. Koschny; D. J. Lawrence; B. J. Maddison; S. Maurice; D. J. McKay; T. Okada; C. Pieters; D. A. Rothery; S. S. Russell; A. Shrivastava; D. R. Smith; M. Wieczorek

doi:10.1016/j.pss.2011.08.014

The Chandrayaan-1 X-Ray Spectrometer: First Results

S. Z. Weider
, B. J. Kellett
, B. M. Swinyard
, I. A. Crawford
, K. H. Joy
, M. Grande
, C. J. Howe
, J. Huovelin
, S. Narendranath
, L. Alha
, M. Anand
, P. S. Athiray
, N. Bhandari
, J. A. Carter
, A. C. Cook
, L. C. d'Uston
, V. A. Fernandes
, O. Gasnault
, J. N. Goswami
, J. P. D. Gow

A. D. Holland, D. Koschny, D. J. Lawrence, B. J. Maddison, S. Maurice, D. J. McKay, T. Okada, C. Pieters, D. A. Rothery, S. S. Russell, A. Shrivastava, D. R. Smith, M. Wieczorek

Department of Physics

Birkbeck, University of London
Rutherford Appleton Laboratory
Carnegie Institution for Science
Lunar and Planetary Institute
University of Helsinki
Indian Space Research Organisation
Natural History Museum Aarhus
Universidade Aberta
Physical Research Laboratory
Université de Toulouse
Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie
University of Bern
European Space Agency
Johns Hopkins University
Institute of Space and Astronautical Science
Brown University
Brunel University of London
Paris Diderot University
University College London

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

31 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

We present X-ray fluorescence observations of the lunar surface, made by the Chandrayaan-1 X-ray Spectrometer during two solar flare events early in the mission (12th December 2008 and 10th January 2009). Modelling of the X-ray spectra with an abundance algorithm allows quantitative estimates of the MgO/SiO2 and Al2O3/SiO2 ratios to be made for the two regions, which are in mainly basaltic areas of the lunar nearside. One of these ground tracks includes the Apollo 14 landing site on the Fra Mauro Formation. Within the 1σ errors provided, the results are inside the range of basaltic samples from the Apollo and Luna collections. The Apollo 14 soil composition is in agreement with the results from the January flare at the 1σ uncertainty level. Discrepancies are observed between our results and compositions derived for the same areas by the Lunar Prospector gamma-ray spectrometer; some possible reasons for this are discussed.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	217-228
Journal	Planetary and Space Science
Volume	60
Issue number	1
Early online date	08 Sept 2011
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pss.2011.08.014
Publication status	Published - Jan 2012

Keywords

Lunar X-ray spectroscopy
Lunar regolith
Lunar chemistry
Lunar crust
Gamma-ray spectroscopy

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10.1016/j.pss.2011.08.014

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Weider, S. Z., Kellett, B. J., Swinyard, B. M., Crawford, I. A., Joy, K. H., Grande, M., Howe, C. J., Huovelin, J., Narendranath, S., Alha, L., Anand, M., Athiray, P. S., Bhandari, N., Carter, J. A., Cook, A. C., d'Uston, L. C., Fernandes, V. A., Gasnault, O., Goswami, J. N., ... Wieczorek, M. (2012). The Chandrayaan-1 X-Ray Spectrometer: First Results. Planetary and Space Science, 60(1), 217-228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pss.2011.08.014

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title = "The Chandrayaan-1 X-Ray Spectrometer: First Results",

abstract = "We present X-ray fluorescence observations of the lunar surface, made by the Chandrayaan-1 X-ray Spectrometer during two solar flare events early in the mission (12th December 2008 and 10th January 2009). Modelling of the X-ray spectra with an abundance algorithm allows quantitative estimates of the MgO/SiO2 and Al2O3/SiO2 ratios to be made for the two regions, which are in mainly basaltic areas of the lunar nearside. One of these ground tracks includes the Apollo 14 landing site on the Fra Mauro Formation. Within the 1σ errors provided, the results are inside the range of basaltic samples from the Apollo and Luna collections. The Apollo 14 soil composition is in agreement with the results from the January flare at the 1σ uncertainty level. Discrepancies are observed between our results and compositions derived for the same areas by the Lunar Prospector gamma-ray spectrometer; some possible reasons for this are discussed.",

keywords = "Lunar X-ray spectroscopy, Lunar regolith, Lunar chemistry, Lunar crust, Gamma-ray spectroscopy",

author = "Weider, \{S. Z.\} and Kellett, \{B. J.\} and Swinyard, \{B. M.\} and Crawford, \{I. A.\} and Joy, \{K. H.\} and M. Grande and Howe, \{C. J.\} and J. Huovelin and S. Narendranath and L. Alha and M. Anand and Athiray, \{P. S.\} and N. Bhandari and Carter, \{J. A.\} and Cook, \{A. C.\} and d'Uston, \{L. C.\} and Fernandes, \{V. A.\} and O. Gasnault and Goswami, \{J. N.\} and Gow, \{J. P. D.\} and Holland, \{A. D.\} and D. Koschny and Lawrence, \{D. J.\} and Maddison, \{B. J.\} and S. Maurice and McKay, \{D. J.\} and T. Okada and C. Pieters and Rothery, \{D. A.\} and Russell, \{S. S.\} and A. Shrivastava and Smith, \{D. R.\} and M. Wieczorek",

year = "2012",

month = jan,

doi = "10.1016/j.pss.2011.08.014",

language = "English",

volume = "60",

pages = "217--228",

journal = "Planetary and Space Science",

issn = "0032-0633",

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Weider, SZ, Kellett, BJ, Swinyard, BM, Crawford, IA, Joy, KH, Grande, M, Howe, CJ, Huovelin, J, Narendranath, S, Alha, L, Anand, M, Athiray, PS, Bhandari, N, Carter, JA, Cook, AC, d'Uston, LC, Fernandes, VA, Gasnault, O, Goswami, JN, Gow, JPD, Holland, AD, Koschny, D, Lawrence, DJ, Maddison, BJ, Maurice, S, McKay, DJ, Okada, T, Pieters, C, Rothery, DA, Russell, SS, Shrivastava, A, Smith, DR & Wieczorek, M 2012, 'The Chandrayaan-1 X-Ray Spectrometer: First Results', Planetary and Space Science, vol. 60, no. 1, pp. 217-228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pss.2011.08.014

TY - JOUR

T1 - The Chandrayaan-1 X-Ray Spectrometer

T2 - First Results

AU - Weider, S. Z.

AU - Kellett, B. J.

AU - Swinyard, B. M.

AU - Crawford, I. A.

AU - Joy, K. H.

AU - Grande, M.

AU - Howe, C. J.

AU - Huovelin, J.

AU - Narendranath, S.

AU - Alha, L.

AU - Anand, M.

AU - Athiray, P. S.

AU - Bhandari, N.

AU - Carter, J. A.

AU - Cook, A. C.

AU - d'Uston, L. C.

AU - Fernandes, V. A.

AU - Gasnault, O.

AU - Goswami, J. N.

AU - Gow, J. P. D.

AU - Holland, A. D.

AU - Koschny, D.

AU - Lawrence, D. J.

AU - Maddison, B. J.

AU - Maurice, S.

AU - McKay, D. J.

AU - Okada, T.

AU - Pieters, C.

AU - Rothery, D. A.

AU - Russell, S. S.

AU - Shrivastava, A.

AU - Smith, D. R.

AU - Wieczorek, M.

PY - 2012/1

Y1 - 2012/1

N2 - We present X-ray fluorescence observations of the lunar surface, made by the Chandrayaan-1 X-ray Spectrometer during two solar flare events early in the mission (12th December 2008 and 10th January 2009). Modelling of the X-ray spectra with an abundance algorithm allows quantitative estimates of the MgO/SiO2 and Al2O3/SiO2 ratios to be made for the two regions, which are in mainly basaltic areas of the lunar nearside. One of these ground tracks includes the Apollo 14 landing site on the Fra Mauro Formation. Within the 1σ errors provided, the results are inside the range of basaltic samples from the Apollo and Luna collections. The Apollo 14 soil composition is in agreement with the results from the January flare at the 1σ uncertainty level. Discrepancies are observed between our results and compositions derived for the same areas by the Lunar Prospector gamma-ray spectrometer; some possible reasons for this are discussed.

AB - We present X-ray fluorescence observations of the lunar surface, made by the Chandrayaan-1 X-ray Spectrometer during two solar flare events early in the mission (12th December 2008 and 10th January 2009). Modelling of the X-ray spectra with an abundance algorithm allows quantitative estimates of the MgO/SiO2 and Al2O3/SiO2 ratios to be made for the two regions, which are in mainly basaltic areas of the lunar nearside. One of these ground tracks includes the Apollo 14 landing site on the Fra Mauro Formation. Within the 1σ errors provided, the results are inside the range of basaltic samples from the Apollo and Luna collections. The Apollo 14 soil composition is in agreement with the results from the January flare at the 1σ uncertainty level. Discrepancies are observed between our results and compositions derived for the same areas by the Lunar Prospector gamma-ray spectrometer; some possible reasons for this are discussed.

KW - Lunar X-ray spectroscopy

KW - Lunar regolith

KW - Lunar chemistry

KW - Lunar crust

KW - Gamma-ray spectroscopy

UR - http://hdl.handle.net/2160/8455

U2 - 10.1016/j.pss.2011.08.014

DO - 10.1016/j.pss.2011.08.014

M3 - Article

SN - 0032-0633

VL - 60

SP - 217

EP - 228

JO - Planetary and Space Science

JF - Planetary and Space Science

IS - 1

ER -

The Chandrayaan-1 X-Ray Spectrometer: First Results

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Solar System Physics and Exploration

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The Chandrayaan-1 X-Ray Spectrometer: First Results

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Keywords

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