TY - JOUR
T1 - The histone acetyltransferase GCN5 and the transcriptional coactivator ADA2b affect leaf development and trichome morphogenesis in Arabidopsis
AU - Kotak, Jenna
AU - Saisana, Marina
AU - Gegas, Vasilis
AU - Pechlivani, Nikoletta
AU - Kaldis, Anthanasios
AU - Papoutsoglou, Panagiotis
AU - Makris, Athanasios
AU - Burns, Julia
AU - Kendig, Ashley L.
AU - Sheikh, Minna
AU - Kuschner, Cyrus E.
AU - Whitney, Gabrielle
AU - Caiola, Hanna
AU - Doonan, John
AU - Vlachonasios, Konstantinos
AU - McCain, Elizabeth R.
AU - Hark, Amy T.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2018, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
PY - 2018/9/1
Y1 - 2018/9/1
N2 - The histone acetyltransferase GCN5 and associated transcriptional coactivator ADA2b are required to couple endoreduplication and trichome branching. Mutation of ADA2b also disrupts the relationship between ploidy and leaf cell size. Dynamic chromatin structure has been established as a general mechanism by which gene function is temporally and spatially regulated, but specific chromatin modifier function is less well understood. To address this question, we have investigated the role of the histone acetyltransferase GCN5 and the associated coactivator ADA2b in developmental events in Arabidopsis thaliana. Arabidopsis plants with T-DNA insertions in GCN5 (also known as HAG1) or ADA2b (also known as PROPORZ1) display pleiotropic phenotypes including dwarfism and floral defects affecting fertility. We undertook a detailed characterization of gcn5 and ada2b phenotypic effects in rosette leaves and trichomes to establish a role for epigenetic control in these developmental processes. ADA2b and GCN5 play specific roles in leaf tissue, affecting cell growth and division in rosette leaves often in complex and even opposite directions. Leaves of gcn5 plants display overall reduced ploidy levels, while ada2b-1 leaves show increased ploidy. Endoreduplication leading to increased ploidy is also known to contribute to normal trichome morphogenesis. We demonstrate that gcn5 and ada2b mutants display alterations in the number and patterning of trichome branches, with ada2b-1 and gcn5-1 trichomes being significantly less branched, while gcn5-6 trichomes show increased branching. Elongation of the trichome stalk and branches also vary in different mutant backgrounds, with stalk length having an inverse relationship with branch number. Taken together, our data indicate that, in Arabidopsis, leaves and trichomes ADA2b and GCN5 are required to couple nuclear content with cell growth and morphogenesis.
AB - The histone acetyltransferase GCN5 and associated transcriptional coactivator ADA2b are required to couple endoreduplication and trichome branching. Mutation of ADA2b also disrupts the relationship between ploidy and leaf cell size. Dynamic chromatin structure has been established as a general mechanism by which gene function is temporally and spatially regulated, but specific chromatin modifier function is less well understood. To address this question, we have investigated the role of the histone acetyltransferase GCN5 and the associated coactivator ADA2b in developmental events in Arabidopsis thaliana. Arabidopsis plants with T-DNA insertions in GCN5 (also known as HAG1) or ADA2b (also known as PROPORZ1) display pleiotropic phenotypes including dwarfism and floral defects affecting fertility. We undertook a detailed characterization of gcn5 and ada2b phenotypic effects in rosette leaves and trichomes to establish a role for epigenetic control in these developmental processes. ADA2b and GCN5 play specific roles in leaf tissue, affecting cell growth and division in rosette leaves often in complex and even opposite directions. Leaves of gcn5 plants display overall reduced ploidy levels, while ada2b-1 leaves show increased ploidy. Endoreduplication leading to increased ploidy is also known to contribute to normal trichome morphogenesis. We demonstrate that gcn5 and ada2b mutants display alterations in the number and patterning of trichome branches, with ada2b-1 and gcn5-1 trichomes being significantly less branched, while gcn5-6 trichomes show increased branching. Elongation of the trichome stalk and branches also vary in different mutant backgrounds, with stalk length having an inverse relationship with branch number. Taken together, our data indicate that, in Arabidopsis, leaves and trichomes ADA2b and GCN5 are required to couple nuclear content with cell growth and morphogenesis.
KW - endoreduplication
KW - epigenetics
KW - chromatin
KW - histone acetyltransferase
KW - Endoreduplication
KW - Chromatin
KW - Epigenetics
KW - Histone acetyltransferase
KW - Trichomes/growth & development
KW - Histone Acetyltransferases/metabolism
KW - Gene Expression Profiling
KW - Microscopy, Interference
KW - Plant Leaves/growth & development
KW - Flow Cytometry
KW - Transcription Factors/metabolism
KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
KW - Ploidies
KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction
KW - Arabidopsis/enzymology
KW - Arabidopsis Proteins/metabolism
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85047827771&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s00425-018-2923-9
DO - 10.1007/s00425-018-2923-9
M3 - Article
C2 - 29846775
SN - 0032-0935
VL - 248
SP - 613
EP - 628
JO - Planta
JF - Planta
IS - 3
ER -