The scientific rationale for the C1XS X-ray spectrometer on India's Chandrayaan-1 mission to the moon

I. A. Crawford; K. H. Joy; B. J. Kellett; M. Grande; M. Anand; N. Bhandari; A. C. Cook; L. d'Uston; V. A. Fernandes; O. Gasnault; J. Goswami; C. J. Howe; J. Huovelin; D. Koschny; D. J. Lawrence; B. J. Maddison; S. Maurice; S. Narendranath; C. Pieters; T. Okada; D. A. Rothery; S. S. Russell; P. Sreekumar; B. Swinyard; M. Wieczorek; M. C. Wilding

doi:10.1016/j.pss.2008.12.006

The scientific rationale for the C1XS X-ray spectrometer on India's Chandrayaan-1 mission to the moon

I. A. Crawford, K. H. Joy, B. J. Kellett, M. Grande, M. Anand, N. Bhandari, A. C. Cook, L. d'Uston, V. A. Fernandes, O. Gasnault, J. Goswami, C. J. Howe, J. Huovelin, D. Koschny, D. J. Lawrence, B. J. Maddison, S. Maurice, S. Narendranath, C. Pieters, T. OkadaD. A. Rothery, S. S. Russell, P. Sreekumar, B. Swinyard, M. Wieczorek, M. C. Wilding

Department of Physics

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Abstract

The UK-built Chandrayaan-1 X-ray Spectrometer (C1XS) will fly as an ESA instrument on India's Chandrayaan-1 mission to the Moon, launched in October 2008. C1XS builds on experience gained with the earlier D-CIXS instrument on SMART-1, but will be a scientifically much more capable instrument. Here we describe the scientific objectives of this instrument, which include mapping the abundances of the major rock-forming elements (principally Mg, Al, Si, Ti, Ca and Fe) in the lunar crust. These data will aid in determining whether regional compositional differences (e.g., the Mg/Fe ratio) are consistent with models of lunar crustal evolution. C1XS data will also permit geochemical studies of smaller scale features, such as the ejecta blankets and central peaks of large impact craters, and individual lava flows and pyroclastic deposits. These objectives all bear on important, and currently unresolved, questions in lunar science, including the structure and evolution of any primordial magma ocean, as revealed by vertical and lateral geochemical variations in the crust, and the composition of the lunar mantle, which will further constrain theories of the Moon's origin, thermal history and internal structure.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	725-734
Number of pages	10
Journal	Planetary and Space Science
Volume	57
Issue number	7
Early online date	24 Dec 2008
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pss.2008.12.006
Publication status	Published - Jun 2009

Keywords

moon
lunar science
x-ray spectorscopy

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Crawford, I. A., Joy, K. H., Kellett, B. J., Grande, M., Anand, M., Bhandari, N., Cook, A. C., d'Uston, L., Fernandes, V. A., Gasnault, O., Goswami, J., Howe, C. J., Huovelin, J., Koschny, D., Lawrence, D. J., Maddison, B. J., Maurice, S., Narendranath, S., Pieters, C., ... Wilding, M. C. (2009). The scientific rationale for the C1XS X-ray spectrometer on India's Chandrayaan-1 mission to the moon. Planetary and Space Science, 57(7), 725-734. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pss.2008.12.006

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title = "The scientific rationale for the C1XS X-ray spectrometer on India's Chandrayaan-1 mission to the moon",

abstract = "The UK-built Chandrayaan-1 X-ray Spectrometer (C1XS) will fly as an ESA instrument on India's Chandrayaan-1 mission to the Moon, launched in October 2008. C1XS builds on experience gained with the earlier D-CIXS instrument on SMART-1, but will be a scientifically much more capable instrument. Here we describe the scientific objectives of this instrument, which include mapping the abundances of the major rock-forming elements (principally Mg, Al, Si, Ti, Ca and Fe) in the lunar crust. These data will aid in determining whether regional compositional differences (e.g., the Mg/Fe ratio) are consistent with models of lunar crustal evolution. C1XS data will also permit geochemical studies of smaller scale features, such as the ejecta blankets and central peaks of large impact craters, and individual lava flows and pyroclastic deposits. These objectives all bear on important, and currently unresolved, questions in lunar science, including the structure and evolution of any primordial magma ocean, as revealed by vertical and lateral geochemical variations in the crust, and the composition of the lunar mantle, which will further constrain theories of the Moon's origin, thermal history and internal structure.",

keywords = "moon, lunar science, x-ray spectorscopy",

author = "Crawford, {I. A.} and Joy, {K. H.} and Kellett, {B. J.} and M. Grande and M. Anand and N. Bhandari and Cook, {A. C.} and L. d'Uston and Fernandes, {V. A.} and O. Gasnault and J. Goswami and Howe, {C. J.} and J. Huovelin and D. Koschny and Lawrence, {D. J.} and Maddison, {B. J.} and S. Maurice and S. Narendranath and C. Pieters and T. Okada and Rothery, {D. A.} and Russell, {S. S.} and P. Sreekumar and B. Swinyard and M. Wieczorek and Wilding, {M. C.}",

note = "Crawford, I. A., Joy, K. H., Kellett, B. J., Grande, M., Anand, M., Bhandari, N., Cook, A. C., d'Uston, L., Fernandes, V. A., Gasnault, O., Goswami, J., Howe, C. J., Huovelin, J., Koschny, D., Lawrence, D. J., Maddison, B. J., Maurice, S., Narendranath, S., Pieters, C., Okada, T., Rothery, D. A., Russell, S. S., Sreekumar, P., Swinyard, B., Wieczorek, M., Wilding, M. C. (2009). The scientific rationale for the C1XS X-ray spectrometer on India's Chandrayaan-1 mission to the moon. Planetary and Space Science, 57 (7), 725-734.",

year = "2009",

month = jun,

doi = "10.1016/j.pss.2008.12.006",

language = "English",

volume = "57",

pages = "725--734",

journal = "Planetary and Space Science",

issn = "0032-0633",

publisher = "Elsevier",

number = "7",

}

Crawford, IA, Joy, KH, Kellett, BJ, Grande, M, Anand, M, Bhandari, N, Cook, AC, d'Uston, L, Fernandes, VA, Gasnault, O, Goswami, J, Howe, CJ, Huovelin, J, Koschny, D, Lawrence, DJ, Maddison, BJ, Maurice, S, Narendranath, S, Pieters, C, Okada, T, Rothery, DA, Russell, SS, Sreekumar, P, Swinyard, B, Wieczorek, M & Wilding, MC 2009, 'The scientific rationale for the C1XS X-ray spectrometer on India's Chandrayaan-1 mission to the moon', Planetary and Space Science, vol. 57, no. 7, pp. 725-734. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pss.2008.12.006

TY - JOUR

T1 - The scientific rationale for the C1XS X-ray spectrometer on India's Chandrayaan-1 mission to the moon

AU - Crawford, I. A.

AU - Joy, K. H.

AU - Kellett, B. J.

AU - Grande, M.

AU - Anand, M.

AU - Bhandari, N.

AU - Cook, A. C.

AU - d'Uston, L.

AU - Fernandes, V. A.

AU - Gasnault, O.

AU - Goswami, J.

AU - Howe, C. J.

AU - Huovelin, J.

AU - Koschny, D.

AU - Lawrence, D. J.

AU - Maddison, B. J.

AU - Maurice, S.

AU - Narendranath, S.

AU - Pieters, C.

AU - Okada, T.

AU - Rothery, D. A.

AU - Russell, S. S.

AU - Sreekumar, P.

AU - Swinyard, B.

AU - Wieczorek, M.

AU - Wilding, M. C.

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PY - 2009/6

Y1 - 2009/6

N2 - The UK-built Chandrayaan-1 X-ray Spectrometer (C1XS) will fly as an ESA instrument on India's Chandrayaan-1 mission to the Moon, launched in October 2008. C1XS builds on experience gained with the earlier D-CIXS instrument on SMART-1, but will be a scientifically much more capable instrument. Here we describe the scientific objectives of this instrument, which include mapping the abundances of the major rock-forming elements (principally Mg, Al, Si, Ti, Ca and Fe) in the lunar crust. These data will aid in determining whether regional compositional differences (e.g., the Mg/Fe ratio) are consistent with models of lunar crustal evolution. C1XS data will also permit geochemical studies of smaller scale features, such as the ejecta blankets and central peaks of large impact craters, and individual lava flows and pyroclastic deposits. These objectives all bear on important, and currently unresolved, questions in lunar science, including the structure and evolution of any primordial magma ocean, as revealed by vertical and lateral geochemical variations in the crust, and the composition of the lunar mantle, which will further constrain theories of the Moon's origin, thermal history and internal structure.

AB - The UK-built Chandrayaan-1 X-ray Spectrometer (C1XS) will fly as an ESA instrument on India's Chandrayaan-1 mission to the Moon, launched in October 2008. C1XS builds on experience gained with the earlier D-CIXS instrument on SMART-1, but will be a scientifically much more capable instrument. Here we describe the scientific objectives of this instrument, which include mapping the abundances of the major rock-forming elements (principally Mg, Al, Si, Ti, Ca and Fe) in the lunar crust. These data will aid in determining whether regional compositional differences (e.g., the Mg/Fe ratio) are consistent with models of lunar crustal evolution. C1XS data will also permit geochemical studies of smaller scale features, such as the ejecta blankets and central peaks of large impact craters, and individual lava flows and pyroclastic deposits. These objectives all bear on important, and currently unresolved, questions in lunar science, including the structure and evolution of any primordial magma ocean, as revealed by vertical and lateral geochemical variations in the crust, and the composition of the lunar mantle, which will further constrain theories of the Moon's origin, thermal history and internal structure.

KW - moon

KW - lunar science

KW - x-ray spectorscopy

UR - http://hdl.handle.net/2160/8307

U2 - 10.1016/j.pss.2008.12.006

DO - 10.1016/j.pss.2008.12.006

M3 - Article

SN - 0032-0633

VL - 57

SP - 725

EP - 734

JO - Planetary and Space Science

JF - Planetary and Space Science

IS - 7

ER -

The scientific rationale for the C1XS X-ray spectrometer on India's Chandrayaan-1 mission to the moon

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