TY - JOUR
T1 - Tuberculosis detection in paratuberculosis vaccinated calves
T2 - New alternatives against interference
AU - Serrano, Miriam
AU - Elguezabal, Natalia
AU - Sevilla, Iker A.
AU - Geijo, María V.
AU - Molina, Elena
AU - Arrazuria, Rakel
AU - Urkitza, Alfonso
AU - Jones, Gareth J.
AU - Vordermeier, Martin
AU - Garrido, Joseba M.
AU - Juste, Ramón A.
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was supported with funds from the Departamento de Medio Ambiente, Planificación del Territorio, Agricultura y Pesca (DMAPTAP) from the Basque Government (OFS2008001). MS acknowledges support from the Departamento de Educación y Universidades of the Basque Government (PRE_2015_2_0080).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 Serrano et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
PY - 2017/1/10
Y1 - 2017/1/10
N2 - Paratuberculosis vaccination in cattle has been restricted due to its possible interference with the official diagnostic methods used in tuberculosis eradication programs. To overcome this drawback, new possibilities to detect Mycobacterium bovis infected cattle in paratuberculosis vaccinated animals were studied under experimental conditions. Three groups of 5 calves each were included in the experiment: one paratuberculosis vaccinated group, one paratuberculosis vaccinated and M. bovis infected group and one M. bovis infected group. The performance of the IFN-gamma release assay (IGRA) and the skin test using conventional avian and bovine tuberculins (A- and B-PPD) but also other more specific antigens (ESAT-6/CFP10 and Rv3615c) was studied under official and new diagnostic criteria. Regarding the IGRA of vaccinated groups, when A- and B-PPD were used the sensitivity reached 100% at the first post-challenge sampling, dropping down to 40-80% in subsequent samplings. The sensitivity for the specific antigens was 80-100% and the specificity was also improved. After adapting the diagnostic criteria for the conventional antigens in the skin test, the ability to differentiate between M. bovis infected and non-infected animals included in paratuberculosis vaccinated groups was enhanced. Taking for positive a relative skin thickness increase of at least 100%, the single intradermal test specificity and sensitivity yielded 100%. The comparative intradermal test was equally accurate considering a BPPD relative skin increase of at least 100% and greater than or equal to that produced by APPD. Using the specific antigens as a proteic cocktail, the specificity and sensitivity reached 100% considering the new relative and absolute cut-offs in all experimental groups (Δ≥30% and Δmm ≥ 2, respectively). Results suggest that the interference caused by paratuberculosis vaccination in cattle could be completely overcome by applying new approaches to the official tuberculosis diagnostic tests.
AB - Paratuberculosis vaccination in cattle has been restricted due to its possible interference with the official diagnostic methods used in tuberculosis eradication programs. To overcome this drawback, new possibilities to detect Mycobacterium bovis infected cattle in paratuberculosis vaccinated animals were studied under experimental conditions. Three groups of 5 calves each were included in the experiment: one paratuberculosis vaccinated group, one paratuberculosis vaccinated and M. bovis infected group and one M. bovis infected group. The performance of the IFN-gamma release assay (IGRA) and the skin test using conventional avian and bovine tuberculins (A- and B-PPD) but also other more specific antigens (ESAT-6/CFP10 and Rv3615c) was studied under official and new diagnostic criteria. Regarding the IGRA of vaccinated groups, when A- and B-PPD were used the sensitivity reached 100% at the first post-challenge sampling, dropping down to 40-80% in subsequent samplings. The sensitivity for the specific antigens was 80-100% and the specificity was also improved. After adapting the diagnostic criteria for the conventional antigens in the skin test, the ability to differentiate between M. bovis infected and non-infected animals included in paratuberculosis vaccinated groups was enhanced. Taking for positive a relative skin thickness increase of at least 100%, the single intradermal test specificity and sensitivity yielded 100%. The comparative intradermal test was equally accurate considering a BPPD relative skin increase of at least 100% and greater than or equal to that produced by APPD. Using the specific antigens as a proteic cocktail, the specificity and sensitivity reached 100% considering the new relative and absolute cut-offs in all experimental groups (Δ≥30% and Δmm ≥ 2, respectively). Results suggest that the interference caused by paratuberculosis vaccination in cattle could be completely overcome by applying new approaches to the official tuberculosis diagnostic tests.
KW - Animals
KW - Cattle
KW - Interferon-gamma Release Tests/methods
KW - Paratuberculosis/immunology
KW - Sensitivity and Specificity
KW - Tuberculin Test/methods
KW - Tuberculosis Vaccines/adverse effects
KW - Tuberculosis, Bovine/diagnosis
KW - Vaccination/adverse effects
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85009138453&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1371/journal.pone.0169735
DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0169735
M3 - Article
C2 - 28072845
AN - SCOPUS:85009138453
SN - 1932-6203
VL - 12
JO - PLoS One
JF - PLoS One
IS - 1
M1 - e0169735
ER -