TY - JOUR
T1 - Validation of a new software eAT24 used to assess dietary intake in the adult Portuguese population
AU - Goios, Ana C.L.
AU - Severo, Milton
AU - Lloyd, Amanda J.
AU - Magalhães, Vânia P.L.
AU - Lopes, Carla
AU - Torres, Duarte P.M.
N1 - Funding Information:
Acknowledgements: The IAN-AF 2015–2016 was developed by a consortium: Carla Lopes, Andreia Oliveira, Milton Severo, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto; Duarte Torres, Sara Rodrigues, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto; Elisabete Ramos, Sofia Vilela, EPIUnit, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto; Sofia Guiomar, Luísa Oliveira, National Health Institute Doutor Ricardo Jorge; Violeta Alarcão, Paulo Nicola, Institute of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon; Jorge Mota, CIAFEL, Faculty of Sports, University of Porto; Pedro Teixeira, Faculty of Human Kinetics, CIPER, University of Lisbon; Simão Soares, SilicoLife, Lda, Portugal; Lene Frost Andersen, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo. The current study had institutional support from the General Directorate of Health, the Regional Health Administration Departments, the Central Administration of the Health System and from the European Food Safety Authority (CFT/EFSA/DCM/2012/01-C03). The researchers acknowledge all these institutions and persons involved in all phases of the survey, as well as participants. Financial support: The current study has received funding from the EEA Grants Program, Public Health Initiatives (PT06 – 000088SI3). The EEA Grant Program had no role in the design, analysis or writing of the current article. Conflict of interest: There are no conflicts of interest. Authorship: A.C.L.G. conceived the present idea, analysed and interpreted this data with M.S. support; M.S. verified the analytical methods, supervised the statistical analysis and gave additional inputs to the study design; A.J.L. and V.P.L.M. collaborated on the planning of data collection and in the interpretation of results; C.L. and D.T. coordinated the IAN-AF 2015–2016 investigation, formulating the main research questions and were also involved in the design of the current study; A.C.L.G. wrote the manuscript, and all authors discussed the results, contributing to the final document and had primary responsibility for final content; All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Ethics of human subject participation: The current study was conducted according to the guidelines laid down in the Declaration of Helsinki, and all procedures involving study participants were approved by the National Commission for Data Protection, the Ethical Committee of the Institute of Public Health of the University of Porto and from the Ethical Commissions of each one of the Regional Administrations of Health. Written informed consent was obtained from all subjects.
Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Nutrition Society.
PY - 2020/12/1
Y1 - 2020/12/1
N2 - Objective:
The aim of the current study was to evaluate the accuracy of the new software eAT24 used to assess dietary intake in the National Food, Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey (IAN-AF) against urinary biomarkers: N (nitrogen), K (potassium) and Na (sodium).
Design:
We conducted a cross-sectional study. Two non-consecutive 24-h dietary recalls (24-HDR) were applied, and a 24-h urine sample was collected. We examined differences between estimates from dietary and urine measures, Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated and the Bland–Altman plots were drawn. Multiple linear regression was used to evaluate the factors associated with the difference between estimates.
Setting:
Sub-sample from the Portuguese IAN-AF sampling frame.
Participants:
Ninety-five adults (men and women) aged 18–84 years.
Results:
The estimated intake calculated using the dietary recall data was lower than that estimated from urinary excretion for the three biomarkers studied (protein 94·3 v. 100·4 g/d, K 3212 v. 3416 mg/d and Na 3489 v. 4003 mg/d). Considering 2 d of recall, the deattenuated correlation coefficients were 0·33, 0·64 and 0·26 for protein, K and Na, respectively. For protein, differences between dietary and urinary estimates varied according to BMI (β = −1·96, P = 0·017). The energy intake and 24-h urine volume were significantly associated with the difference between estimates for protein (β = 0·03, P < 0·001 and β = −0·02, P = 0·002, respectively), K (β = 0·71, P < 0·001 and β = −0·42, P = 0·040, respectively) and Na (β = 1·55, P < 0·001 and β = −0·81, P = 0·011, respectively).
Conclusions:
The new software eAT24 performed well in estimating protein and K intakes, but lesser so in estimating Na intake, using two non-consecutive 24-HDR.
AB - Objective:
The aim of the current study was to evaluate the accuracy of the new software eAT24 used to assess dietary intake in the National Food, Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey (IAN-AF) against urinary biomarkers: N (nitrogen), K (potassium) and Na (sodium).
Design:
We conducted a cross-sectional study. Two non-consecutive 24-h dietary recalls (24-HDR) were applied, and a 24-h urine sample was collected. We examined differences between estimates from dietary and urine measures, Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated and the Bland–Altman plots were drawn. Multiple linear regression was used to evaluate the factors associated with the difference between estimates.
Setting:
Sub-sample from the Portuguese IAN-AF sampling frame.
Participants:
Ninety-five adults (men and women) aged 18–84 years.
Results:
The estimated intake calculated using the dietary recall data was lower than that estimated from urinary excretion for the three biomarkers studied (protein 94·3 v. 100·4 g/d, K 3212 v. 3416 mg/d and Na 3489 v. 4003 mg/d). Considering 2 d of recall, the deattenuated correlation coefficients were 0·33, 0·64 and 0·26 for protein, K and Na, respectively. For protein, differences between dietary and urinary estimates varied according to BMI (β = −1·96, P = 0·017). The energy intake and 24-h urine volume were significantly associated with the difference between estimates for protein (β = 0·03, P < 0·001 and β = −0·02, P = 0·002, respectively), K (β = 0·71, P < 0·001 and β = −0·42, P = 0·040, respectively) and Na (β = 1·55, P < 0·001 and β = −0·81, P = 0·011, respectively).
Conclusions:
The new software eAT24 performed well in estimating protein and K intakes, but lesser so in estimating Na intake, using two non-consecutive 24-HDR.
KW - 24-h dietary recall
KW - Nitrogen
KW - Portuguese dietary survey
KW - Potassium
KW - Sodium
KW - Urinary biomarkers
KW - Validation
KW - Eating
KW - Sodium, Dietary
KW - Cross-Sectional Studies
KW - Humans
KW - Male
KW - Portugal
KW - Diet
KW - Adult
KW - Female
KW - Software/standards
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85092706026&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1017/S1368980020001044
DO - 10.1017/S1368980020001044
M3 - Article
C2 - 32611472
AN - SCOPUS:85092706026
SN - 1368-9800
VL - 23
SP - 3093
EP - 3103
JO - Public Health Nutrition
JF - Public Health Nutrition
IS - 17
ER -
